Trauma- and Stressor-related Disorders
Introduction to Trauma- and Stressor-related Disorders
These disorders are conditions that begin after a traumatic or very stressful event. In children and teens, symptoms may include intrusive memories or nightmares, avoidance, jumpiness, irritability, sleep problems, or trouble concentrating. Diagnoses in this group include post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress disorder, reactive attachment disorder, and disinhibited social engagement disorder. PTSD lasts more than one month; acute stress disorder is similar but shorter. Many children recover with support, but some need treatment—an evaluation is the first step.
Safety note:
If your child talks about suicide or has a plan to harm themselves or others, call 911 or go to the nearest ER. In the U.S., you can also call or text 988.
Causes and Risk Factors
A traumatic or highly stressful event is required (e.g., violence, serious accident, disaster, abuse, or sudden loss). Not every child who experiences trauma develops a disorder—previous adversity, the type/severity of the event, and the level of family and community support all play a role. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and repeated stress can raise risk; at the same time, caring relationships and stable routines are protective.
Treatment and Management
Care at Texas Pediatric Mental Health Services starts with a full evaluation. We review symptoms, medical history, and school/home functioning. With your consent, we coordinate with your pediatrician and school.
What helps
- Trauma-focused psychotherapy (first-line). Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for children and teens. It teaches coping skills, helps process the trauma safely, and involves caregivers.
- Other supports. Psychoeducation for families, school accommodations, and gradual return to activities.
- Medication (when needed). Medicines may be used to target specific symptoms alongside therapy; your clinician will review options and safety.
We set clear goals, monitor progress, and adjust the plan with you. Early, trauma-informed care helps most children improve.